\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage[french]{babel}
\usepackage[a4paper,top=3.2cm,bottom=2cm,left=2cm,right=2cm]{geometry}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[export]{adjustbox}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\usepackage{qrcode}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}
\usepackage{enumitem}
% Puces nettes (babel-french remplace sinon la puce par un tiret « – » peu pro).
% Vaut pour TOUTES les fiches qui importent ce module. AtBeginDocument pour
% passer après la personnalisation des listes faite par babel-french.
\AtBeginDocument{%
  \setlist[itemize]{leftmargin=1.8em,itemsep=0.5ex,topsep=0.4ex,parsep=0pt}%
  \setlist[itemize,1]{label=\textcolor{red!75!black}{\small\textbullet}}%
  \setlist[itemize,2]{label=\textcolor{red!75!black}{\scriptsize\textbullet}}%
}
% Titres compacts (gain de place vertical, fiches plus denses) — vaut pour tous.
\usepackage{titlesec}
\titlespacing*{\section}{0pt}{1.4ex}{0.6ex}
\titlespacing*{\subsection}{0pt}{1.0ex}{0.3ex}
% multicol : listes denses (calcul mental) sur 2 colonnes — neutre tant qu'il
% n'est pas utilisé, dispo pour tous les générateurs.
\usepackage{multicol}
\setlength{\columnsep}{1.5em}
% needspace : empêche un titre d'exercice de rester orphelin en bas de page
% (réserve quelques lignes ; sinon le titre passe à la page suivante avec sa
% liste). Neutre tant qu'il n'est pas appelé — dispo pour tous les générateurs.
\usepackage{needspace}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.text}

\usepackage{tgheros}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\fancyhf{}
\setlength{\headheight}{75pt}
\setlength{\headsep}{10pt}

\newcommand{\logowouf}{%
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline={(current bounding box.center)},scale=0.55,
                    line cap=round,line join=round]
    \path[use as bounding box] (-2.20,-1.45) rectangle (2.20,2.20);
    \path[
        postaction={decorate},
        decoration={
            text along path,
            text={|\fontfamily{qhv}\bfseries\fontsize{9}{9}\selectfont|site2wouf.fr},
            text align={center},
            raise=0.03ex
        }
    ] (-1.29,0.48) arc[start angle=160,end angle=20,radius=1.29];
    \begin{scope}[xshift=-0.06cm]
        \fill[black] (-0.66,0.14) ellipse (0.21 and 0.31);
        \fill[black] ( 0.66,0.14) ellipse (0.21 and 0.31);
        \fill[black] (-0.23,0.49) ellipse (0.22 and 0.35);
        \fill[black] ( 0.23,0.49) ellipse (0.22 and 0.35);
        \fill[black]
            (0,-0.10)
            .. controls (-0.36,-0.02) and (-0.63,-0.24) .. (-0.58,-0.58)
            .. controls (-0.52,-0.93) and (-0.16,-1.12) .. (0,-0.90)
            .. controls (0.16,-1.12) and (0.52,-0.93) .. (0.58,-0.58)
            .. controls (0.63,-0.24) and (0.36,-0.02) .. (0,-0.10)
            -- cycle;
    \end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}%
}

\newcommand{\titre}{Arithmétique}
\newcommand{\soustitre}{Cycle 4 --- Fiche n\textdegree 178}

\fancyhead[C]{%
\raisebox{4pt}{%
\begin{minipage}[c]{0.15\textwidth}
    \centering
    \logowouf
\end{minipage}
\begin{minipage}[c]{0.62\textwidth}
    \centering
    {\Large\bfseries \titre\par}
    {\small\color{gray} \soustitre}
\end{minipage}
\begin{minipage}[c]{0.21\textwidth}
    \centering
    \qrcode[height=1.5cm]{https://site2wouf.fr/exercices_arithmetique.php?x=178}\\[2pt]
    {\small\ttfamily\bfseries\color{red} ARIT0178}
\end{minipage}%
}
}

\begin{document}

\begin{center}
    \small Les 6 exercices d'arithmétique ci-dessous peuvent être réalisés facilement avec une calculatrice. Mais maîtrisez-vous les automatismes nécessaires pour vous en passer ? Division euclidienne, multiples, décomposition en facteurs premiers, PPCM, PGCD, fractions irréductibles et nombres premiers : un tour d'horizon complet du programme de cycle 4, utile pour réviser le DNB.
\end{center}
\vspace{0.5em}
\sloppy


{\color{blue}

« Les 6 exercices suivants peuvent être réalisés facilement avec une calculatrice. Mais maîtrisez-vous les automatismes nécessaires pour vous en passer ? »

}

\needspace{3\baselineskip}\par\smallskip\noindent{\color{red}\textbf{Exercice 1}}\par

{\color{green!60!black}
    Encadre 740 et 308 par deux multiples consécutifs de 23.
    }

\needspace{3\baselineskip}\par\smallskip\noindent{\color{red}\textbf{Exercice 2}}\par

{\color{green!60!black}
        Quel est le plus grand multiple de 27 inférieur à 456 ?
        }

\needspace{3\baselineskip}\par\smallskip\noindent{\color{red}\textbf{Exercice 3}}\par

{\color{green!60!black}
        Quel est le plus petit multiple de 18 supérieur à 276 ?
        }

\needspace{3\baselineskip}\par\smallskip\noindent{\color{red}\textbf{Exercice 4}}\par

{\color{green!60!black}
\begin{enumerate}
\item Décompose 675 et 15092 en produit de facteurs premiers.
 \item Déduis leur PPCM (Plus petit multiple commun)
 \item Déduis en leur PGCD (Plus grand diviseur commun)
 \item Simplifie au maximum la fraction :
\par\addvspace{.55em}
\(\dfrac{675}{15092}\)
\end{enumerate}
}

\needspace{3\baselineskip}\par\smallskip\noindent{\color{red}\textbf{Exercice 5}}\par

{\color{green!60!black}
\begin{enumerate}
\item Donne les listes ordonnées des diviseurs de  882 et 496.
 \item Donne la liste ordonnée de leurs diviseurs communs.
 \item Déduis-en le PGCD de 882 et 496.
 \item Simplifie au maximum la fraction :
\par\addvspace{.55em}
\(\dfrac{882}{496}\)
\end{enumerate}
}

"
\needspace{3\baselineskip}\par\smallskip\noindent{\color{red}\textbf{Exercice 6}}\par

{\color{green!60!black} Les nombres suivants sont-ils premiers ? 2201;  1045;  193; 15068 }

 \newpage
\section*{\textcolor{red}{Correction}}

\needspace{3\baselineskip}\par\smallskip\noindent{\color{red}\textbf{Exercice 1}}\par

{\color{green!60!black}
        Encadre 740 et 308 par deux multiples consécutifs de 23.
        }

On effectue la division euclidienne de 740 par 23 :

 
\begin{center}\begin{tikzpicture}[line width=0.6pt]
  \draw[gray] (1.540,1.430) -- (1.540,1.320);
  \draw[black] (1.980,1.705) -- (1.980,0.220);
  \draw[black] (1.980,1.430) -- (2.860,1.430);
  \draw[black] (1.045,1.265) -- (1.375,1.265);
  \draw[black] (1.265,0.825) -- (1.595,0.825);
  \draw[blue] (0.990,1.705) .. controls (1.137,1.778) and (1.283,1.778) .. (1.430,1.705);
  \node[black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.100,1.540) {7};
  \node[black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.320,1.540) {4};
  \node[black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.540,1.540) {0};
  \node[black, anchor=base west, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (2.200,1.540) {23};
  \node[blue, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (2.200,1.210) {3};
  \node[blue, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (2.420,1.210) {2};
  \node[red, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.320,1.320) {9};
  \node[red, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.100,1.320) {6};
  \node[black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.540,1.100) {0};
  \node[green!55!black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.320,1.100) {5};
  \node[red, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.540,0.880) {6};
  \node[red, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.320,0.880) {4};
  \node[green!55!black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.540,0.605) {4};
\end{tikzpicture}\end{center}


\begin{itemize}
\item[] 740 = 23 \(\times\) 32 + 4 et 4 \(<\) 23
 \item[] 740 = 736 + 4
 \item[] {\color{red}
donc 736 \(<\) 740 \(<\) 759 (736 + 23)}
\end{itemize}

De même:

On effectue la division euclidienne de 308 par 23 :

 
\begin{center}\begin{tikzpicture}[line width=0.6pt]
  \draw[gray] (1.540,1.430) -- (1.540,1.320);
  \draw[black] (1.980,1.705) -- (1.980,0.220);
  \draw[black] (1.980,1.430) -- (2.860,1.430);
  \draw[black] (1.045,1.265) -- (1.375,1.265);
  \draw[black] (1.265,0.825) -- (1.595,0.825);
  \draw[blue] (0.990,1.705) .. controls (1.137,1.778) and (1.283,1.778) .. (1.430,1.705);
  \node[black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.100,1.540) {3};
  \node[black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.320,1.540) {0};
  \node[black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.540,1.540) {8};
  \node[black, anchor=base west, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (2.200,1.540) {23};
  \node[blue, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (2.200,1.210) {1};
  \node[blue, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (2.420,1.210) {3};
  \node[red, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.320,1.320) {3};
  \node[red, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.100,1.320) {2};
  \node[black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.540,1.100) {8};
  \node[green!55!black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.320,1.100) {7};
  \node[red, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.540,0.880) {9};
  \node[red, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.320,0.880) {6};
  \node[green!55!black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.540,0.605) {9};
\end{tikzpicture}\end{center}


\begin{itemize}
\item[] 308 = 23 \(\times\) 13 + 9 et 9 \(<\) 23
 \item[] 308 = 299 + 9
 \item[] {\color{red}
donc 299 \(<\) 308 \(<\) 322 (299 + 23)}
\end{itemize}

\needspace{3\baselineskip}\par\smallskip\noindent{\color{red}\textbf{Exercice 2}}\par

{\color{green!60!black}
           Quel est le plus grand multiple de 27 inférieur à 456 ?
           }

On effectue la division euclidienne de 456 par 27 :

 
\begin{center}\begin{tikzpicture}[line width=0.6pt]
  \draw[gray] (1.540,1.430) -- (1.540,1.320);
  \draw[black] (1.980,1.705) -- (1.980,0.220);
  \draw[black] (1.980,1.430) -- (2.860,1.430);
  \draw[black] (1.045,1.265) -- (1.375,1.265);
  \draw[black] (1.045,0.825) -- (1.595,0.825);
  \draw[blue] (0.990,1.705) .. controls (1.137,1.778) and (1.283,1.778) .. (1.430,1.705);
  \node[black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.100,1.540) {4};
  \node[black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.320,1.540) {5};
  \node[black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.540,1.540) {6};
  \node[black, anchor=base west, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (2.200,1.540) {27};
  \node[blue, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (2.200,1.210) {1};
  \node[blue, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (2.420,1.210) {6};
  \node[red, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.320,1.320) {7};
  \node[red, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.100,1.320) {2};
  \node[black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.540,1.100) {6};
  \node[green!55!black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.320,1.100) {8};
  \node[green!55!black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.100,1.100) {1};
  \node[red, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.540,0.880) {2};
  \node[red, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.320,0.880) {6};
  \node[red, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.100,0.880) {1};
  \node[green!55!black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.540,0.605) {4};
  \node[green!55!black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.320,0.605) {2};
\end{tikzpicture}\end{center}


\begin{itemize}
\item[] 456 = 27 \(\times\) 16 + 24 et 24 \(<\) 27
\item[] {\color{red} Le plus grand multiple de 27 inférieur à 456 est donc 27 \(\times\) 16 = 432.}
\end{itemize}

\needspace{3\baselineskip}\par\smallskip\noindent{\color{red}\textbf{Exercice 3}}\par

{\color{green!60!black}
            Quel est le plus petit multiple de 18 supérieur à 276 ?
           }

On effectue la division euclidienne de 276 par 18 :

 
\begin{center}\begin{tikzpicture}[line width=0.6pt]
  \draw[gray] (1.540,1.430) -- (1.540,1.320);
  \draw[black] (1.980,1.705) -- (1.980,0.220);
  \draw[black] (1.980,1.430) -- (2.860,1.430);
  \draw[black] (1.045,1.265) -- (1.375,1.265);
  \draw[black] (1.265,0.825) -- (1.595,0.825);
  \draw[blue] (0.990,1.705) .. controls (1.137,1.778) and (1.283,1.778) .. (1.430,1.705);
  \node[black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.100,1.540) {2};
  \node[black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.320,1.540) {7};
  \node[black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.540,1.540) {6};
  \node[black, anchor=base west, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (2.200,1.540) {18};
  \node[blue, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (2.200,1.210) {1};
  \node[blue, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (2.420,1.210) {5};
  \node[red, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.320,1.320) {8};
  \node[red, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.100,1.320) {1};
  \node[black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.540,1.100) {6};
  \node[green!55!black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.320,1.100) {9};
  \node[red, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.540,0.880) {0};
  \node[red, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.320,0.880) {9};
  \node[green!55!black, anchor=base, font=\ttfamily \fontsize{6.3}{7.5}\selectfont] at (1.540,0.605) {6};
\end{tikzpicture}\end{center}


\begin{itemize}
\item[] 276 = 18 \(\times\) 15 + 6 et 6 \(<\) 18
\item[] {\color{red} Le plus petit multiple de 18 inférieur à 276 est donc 18 \(\times\) 16 = 288.}
\end{itemize}

\needspace{3\baselineskip}\par\smallskip\noindent{\color{red}\textbf{Exercice 4}}\par

{\color{green!60!black}
    Décomposition de  675 en produit de facteurs premiers :

    
{\color{black}\begin{center}
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.1}
\begin{tabular}{r|l}
675 & 3\\
225 & 3\\
75 & 3\\
25 & 5\\
5 & 5\\
1 & \\
\end{tabular}\qquad 675 = 3\textsuperscript{3} $\times$ 5\textsuperscript{2}
\end{center}}

    Décomposition de  15092 en produit de facteurs premiers :

    
{\color{black}\begin{center}
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.1}
\begin{tabular}{r|l}
15092 & 2\\
7546 & 2\\
3773 & 7\\
539 & 7\\
77 & 7\\
11 & 11\\
1 & \\
\end{tabular}\qquad 15092 = 2\textsuperscript{2} $\times$ 7\textsuperscript{3} $\times$ 11
\end{center}}

\begin{enumerate}
\item {\color{red} Décompositions :
\par\addvspace{.55em}
{\color{green!60!black} 675 = 3\textsuperscript{3} \(\times\) 5\textsuperscript{2}}
\par\addvspace{.55em}
{\color{green!60!black} 15092 = 2\textsuperscript{2} \(\times\) 7\textsuperscript{3} \(\times\) 11}}
\item {\color{red} Calcul du plus petit multiple commun :
\par\addvspace{.55em}
{\color{green!60!black} PPCM(675;15092) = 2\textsuperscript{2} \(\times\) 3\textsuperscript{3} \(\times\) 5\textsuperscript{2} \(\times\) 7\textsuperscript{3} \(\times\) 11 = 10187100}}
\item {\color{red} Calcul du plus grand
         diviseur commun :
\par\addvspace{.55em}
{\color{green!60!black} PGCD(675,15092) =  1}}
 \item {\color{red} Simplification de la fraction :
\par\addvspace{.55em}
 {\color{green!60!black} Leurs PGCD étant égal à 1, les nombres
675 et 15092 sont premiers entre eux.
\par\addvspace{.55em}

         Donc la fraction \(\dfrac{675}{15092}\) est irréductible.}}
\end{enumerate}
}

\needspace{3\baselineskip}\par\smallskip\noindent{\color{red}\textbf{Exercice 5}}\par

{\color{green!60!black}
\begin{enumerate}
\item {\color{red} Les diviseurs :

{\color{green!60!black} 882 : \{ 1; 2; 3; 6; 7; 9; 14; 18; 21; 42; 49; 63; 98; 126; 147; 294; 441; 882 \}
\par\addvspace{.55em}

496 : \{ 1; 2; 4; 8; 16; 31; 62; 124; 248; 496 \}}

}
 \item {\color{red} Les diviseurs communs de 882 et 496 sont :

{\color{green!60!black}
\{ 1; 2 \}}

 }
\item {\color{red} Le plus grand diviseur commun de 882 et 496 est :

{\color{green!60!black}
PGCD(882;496) = 2}

}
 \item {\color{red} Simplification de la fraction :

{\color{green!60!black} Si on simplifie une fraction par
                 le plus grand diviseur commun à son numérateur
                 et son dénominateur, la fraction obtenue est irréductible.}

 {\color{green!60!black} d'où \(\dfrac{882}{496}\) = \(\dfrac{882:2}{496:2}\) = \(\dfrac{441}{248}\) } }
\end{enumerate}
}

\needspace{3\baselineskip}\par\smallskip\noindent{\color{red}\textbf{Exercice 6}}\par

\begin{enumerate}
\item {\color{red}
        2201 est-il premier ?

{\color{green!60!black}  2201 = 2 \(\times\) 1100 + 1 2201 = 3 \(\times\) 733 + 2 2201 = 5 \(\times\) 440 + 1 2201 = 7 \(\times\) 314 + 3 2201 = 11 \(\times\) 200 + 1 2201 = 13 \(\times\) 169 + 4 2201 = 17 \(\times\) 129 + 8 2201 = 19 \(\times\) 115 + 16 2201 = 23 \(\times\) 95 + 16 2201 = 29 \(\times\) 75 + 26 2201 = 31 \(\times\) 71 + 0
\par\addvspace{.55em}

            2201 est divisible par 31 donc\emph{  2201 n'est pas un nombre premier}.
            }

}
\item {\color{red}
        1045 est-il premier ?

{\color{green!60!black}

        1045 se termine par un 5, c'est un multiple de 5 donc \emph{1045 n'est pas un nombre premier}.}

}

\item {\color{red}
        193 est-il premier ?

{\color{green!60!black}  193 = 2 \(\times\) 96 + 1 193 = 3 \(\times\) 64 + 1 193 = 5 \(\times\) 38 + 3 193 = 7 \(\times\) 27 + 4 193 = 11 \(\times\) 17 + 6 193 = 13 \(\times\) 14 + 11 193 = 17 \(\times\) 11 + 6
\par\addvspace{.55em}

            193 n'a pas d'autres diviseurs que 1 et 193  donc \emph{ 193 est un nombre premier.} }

}
\item {\color{red}
        15068 est-il premier ?

{\color{green!60!black}

        15068 est pair donc \emph{15068 n'est pas un nombre premier}.}

}

\end{enumerate}
\end{document}
